Compact Vs SLR Camera

Compact Cameras

A point-and-shoot camera, also called a compact camera, is a still camera designed primarily for simple operation. The term "point-and-shoot" is also used for some camcorders, particularly inexpensive digital models based on MiniDV or DVD media, to describe fully automatic operation (autofocus, automatic gain control and white balance, etc.) with minimal operator interaction except for zoom control and recording buttons.

SLR Cameras

A single-lens reflex camera (SLR) typically uses a mirror and prism system (hence "reflex", from the mirror's reflection) that permits the photographer to view through the lens and see exactly what will be captured, contrary to viewfinder cameras where the image could be significantly different from what will be captured.

Components of a SLR Camera

1.  Front-mount lens
2. Reflex mirror at 45-degree angle 
3. Focal plane shutter
4.  Film or sensor
5.  Focusing screen
6.  Condenser lens
7. Optical glass pentaprism (or pentamirror)
8.  Eyepiece